- Paul C. Mohl, Russel Adams, Donald M. Greer and Kathy A. Sheley Prepuce Restoration Seekers: Psychiatric Aspects, Archives of Sexual Behavior, Vol. 10, No.4, 1981. To access an on-site version of the article, see here.
-
R. Adler, M.S. Ottaway and S. Gould
Circumcision: We Have Heard From the Experts; Now Let's Hear From the
Parents,
Pediatrics 2002; 107 (2); e20.
To access an on-site version of the article, see here. - R. Szabo and R.V. Short How does male circumcision protect against HIV infection? BMJ 2000; 320:1592-4. To access an on-site version of the article, see here. For the press release, see here.
- D.T. Halperin and R.C. Bailey Male circumcision and HIV infection: 10 years and counting Lancet 1999; 354:1813-5. See here for a press release).
- T.E. Wiswell Circumcision circumspection New Engl J Med 1997; 336
- S. Moses, R.C. Bailey and A.R. Ronald Male Circumcision: assesment of health benefits and risks Sex Transm Infect 1998; 74:368-73.
- T.C. Quinn, M.J. Warner et. al. Viral load and risk of heterosexual transmission of HIV-1 among sexual partners Results presented at the 7th Conference of Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, Jan. 2000.
- J.C. Craig, J.F. Knight et. al. Effect of circumcision on incidence of urinary tract infection in preschool boys J Pediatrics 1996; 128(1):23-27.
- S.S. Wijesinha, B.L. Atkins, N.E. Dudley and P.K. Tam Does circumcision alter the periurethral bacterial flora? Pediatr Surg Int 1998; 13(2,3):146.
- F. Serour, Z. Samra et al. Comparative periurethtral bacteriology of uncircumcised and circumcised males Genitourin Med 1997; 730(1):288-290.
- G.N. Weiss Prophylactic neonatal surgery and infectious diseases Pediatr Infect Dis J 1997; 16:727-34.
- Jeffrey D. Tiemstra, MD Factors Affecting the Circumcision Decision J Am Board Fam Pract 12(1):16-20, 1999
Circumcision and Hygiene in
Geriatric Patients
According to the author, Ruth Frank,
the information provided to parents when making the decision about
circumcision is inadequate "because it does not address the
question of what happens if that person is unable to care for
himself. The geriatrics community has had little say and no
input into the information that is presented to parents
at the time they are deciding whether to circumcise their
infant sons, yet the result is of this decision is played out
daily in nursing homes, long-term care facilities, and
in the homes of caregivers."
Because the geriatrics community has to deal with caring
for those who can no longer look after themselves,
the issue to circumcise "is as much
a geriatrics issue as a pediatric one". The author also
points out the difficulties involved (both physical
and emotional) in performing hygienic care in
the case of uncircumcised older patient:
"Frequently, the patient misinterprets the care and
strikes out in terror, kicking and scratching caregivers,
whether family of nursing staff". Family members
also often complain that their efforts are interpreted
as an invitation for sexual activity. As a result,
they often don't even try to keep the patient clean.
The problem of caring for uncircumcised older patients
is becoming worse due to the fact that the general
population is aging, with a bigger portion of the
population living longer and longer.
In the light of these arguments, the author
"strongly suggests that Officers of the American Geriatric
Society put the issue on their aggenda for discussion and
also that they approach Officers of the American Pediatric
Society to re-examine their circumcision policy".
R. Frank,
Circumcision and Hygiene in Geriatric Patients,
J Am Geriatric Soc. 1999; 47: 115.
References
1. C.M. Lannon et al.,
Circumcision Policy Statement of the AAP Task Force on Circumcision (March 1999)
Pediatrics 1999; 103(3):686-693.
See also the Section
Policy Statement from Pediatric
Societies.
